Where the space industry clusters

California, United States

Silicon Valley's software and venture-capital base extended into orbit: satellite, launch and space-software startups clustered around the peninsula's existing tech ecosystem.

Washington DC area, United States

The policy, law and government-contracting hub of the US space industry, clustered around the Pentagon, Space Force leadership and the trade groups and law firms serving them.

California, United States

The Los Angeles basin's satellite and launch-vehicle manufacturing base, running from the South Bay's satellite primes and small-launch startups out to the flight-test range at Mojave.

Colorado, United States

Colorado's Front Range aerospace corridor, home to United Launch Alliance and Lockheed Martin Space alongside a dense base of satellite and defense-space suppliers.

Japan

Japan's space industry concentrates in Tokyo across satellite operators, launch and in-space-servicing startups, and the manufacturers that supply them.

India

India's space capital, home to ISRO and Hindustan Aeronautics alongside a fast-growing base of private launch, satellite and geospatial startups.

Germany

A newer German cluster of satellite, in-space-servicing and space-venture-capital startups, distinct from Bremen's older manufacturing base.

Florida, United States

Cape Canaveral Space Force Station and the Kennedy Space Center anchor the busiest launch range in the world, with Space Florida coordinating state economic development around it.

France

France's satellite-manufacturing centre, anchored by Airbus and a cluster of specialist manufacturers, data and analytics firms, and the ISAE-SUPAERO aerospace school.

South Korea

South Korea's space industry splits between Seoul's satellite operators and communications firms and Daejeon's research and launch-vehicle engineering base.

United Kingdom

The UK's largest space cluster, at the Harwell Science and Innovation Campus near Didcot, Oxfordshire — home to the UK Space Agency, ESA's ECSAT facility, RAL Space and the Satellite Applications Catapult, alongside more than 100 space-sector organisations on the same site.

Israel

Israel's space and defense-technology cluster, including the Israel Space Agency and a base of small-satellite and space-domain-awareness startups.

Australia

Home to the Australian Space Agency's home state cluster of satellite communications and space-situational-awareness startups.

Germany

Home to OHB SE, one of Europe's largest independent satellite manufacturers, plus a smaller base of subsystem and launch-vehicle suppliers.

United Kingdom

Scotland's small-satellite manufacturing base, anchored by Clyde Space (now AAC Clyde Space, whose CubeSat components have flown on a large share of the world's CubeSats) and the launch-vehicle developer Skyrora.

United Kingdom

Home to Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd (SSTL), spun out of the University of Surrey in 1985 and widely credited with pioneering the modern small-satellite industry, plus the university's own Surrey Space Centre.

United Kingdom

A West of England aerospace base built on Airbus's wing-manufacturing and composites work (including the National Composites Centre's Airbus Wing of Tomorrow programme), now also home to smaller space-materials and propulsion startups.

United Kingdom

A small but distinct UK cluster anchored by Spaceport Cornwall at Cornwall Airport Newquay, the UK's first licensed horizontal launch site (Virgin Orbit's only, unsuccessful, mission flew from there in January 2023), and Goonhilly Earth Station near Helston, a former Post Office satellite ground station now focused on deep-space communications and space-data services.